{"id":1594,"date":"2026-03-27T07:50:14","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T07:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/pest-analysis-vs-swot-mba-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-03-27T07:50:14","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T07:50:14","slug":"pest-analysis-vs-swot-mba-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/pest-analysis-vs-swot-mba-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST so v\u1edbi SWOT: So s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00e0nh cho sinh vi\u00ean MBA \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean MBA v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ebb, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Hai khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST v\u00e0 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf cho nhau b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, hai c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau trong th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed7i khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 tin.<\/p>\n

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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST \ud83c\udf0d<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 m\u00f4 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. PEST l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Kinh t\u1ebf, X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c \u0111e d\u1ecda. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, PEST nh\u00ecn ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

1. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf, lu\u1eadt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf quan th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n khu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

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  • Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111ang ch\u1edd x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
  • \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh hay c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Kinh t\u1ebf \ud83d\udcc8<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ee9c mua c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

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    • L\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> L\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t cao l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c mua c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
    • L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed vay v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
    • Thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi ti\u00eau?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \ud83d\udc65<\/h3>\n

      Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i – v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Bao g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

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      • Nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
      • Thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb xa \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
      • Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a:<\/strong> H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \ud83d\ude80<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

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        • T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a:<\/strong>Li\u1ec7u AI c\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
        • H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng:<\/strong>H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
        • Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 hay \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

          Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Trong khi hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu) nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong, hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau (C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c) ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 PEST.<\/p>\n

          1. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh (B\u00ean trong) \ud83d\udcaa<\/h3>\n

          \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

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          • Danh ti\u1ebfng th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u:<\/strong>Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o t\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • B\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf:<\/strong>C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>C\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            2. \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu (B\u00ean trong) \ud83d\udcc9<\/h3>\n

            \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

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            • Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o.<\/li>\n
            • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi:<\/strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
            • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean r\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c:<\/strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 r\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c cao \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              3. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i (B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i) \ud83c\udfaf<\/h3>\n

              C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong PEST.<\/p>\n

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              • Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi:<\/strong>Th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n
              • S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
              • Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                4. Nguy c\u01a1 (B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i) \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

                Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u0110\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 m\u1edbi:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang gia nh\u1eadp l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
                • Suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf:<\/strong>Suy tho\u00e1i l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                • R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng:<\/strong>Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  So s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST so v\u1edbi SWOT \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

                  M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 t\u00ednh h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean MBA th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST<\/th>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                  Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 m\u00f4 (B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i)<\/td>\nK\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (B\u00ean trong v\u00e0 B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/strong><\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh\/y\u1ebfu b\u00ean trong + c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh\/y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ed1c gia r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn<\/td>\nC\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/td>\nV\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi gian<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/td>\nNg\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn trung h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t then ch\u1ed1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 PEST l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t hay b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi. SWOT bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

                  Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean MBA \ud83d\udeab<\/h2>\n

                  Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

                  1. Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/h3>\n

                  \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ebfp \u2018Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7\u2019 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c Th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i\/Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3; b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u2018Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7\u2019 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

                  2. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h3>\n

                  Nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t\u201d hay \u201cCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao\u201d l\u00e0 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1eddi \u0111i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trung b\u00ecnh ng\u00e0nh 15%\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 0,5%, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 2%.\u201d<\/p>\n

                  3. B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n

                  C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (PEST) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (SWOT) tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi (Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb) c\u1ea5m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed (Kinh t\u1ebf) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

                  4. Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

                  M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n. M\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST hay SWOT n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

                  5. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u0129nh<\/h3>\n

                  M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y n\u0103m n\u0103m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay. Sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng coi c\u00e1c khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

                  T\u00edch h\u1ee3p PEST v\u00e0 SWOT \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

                  C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PEST \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng logic t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                  B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e9t PEST<\/h3>\n

                  B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 m\u00f4. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra danh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

                  B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

                  L\u1ea5y danh s\u00e1ch PEST v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i) hay r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u (Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c) kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf PEST l\u00e0 \u201cThu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng\u201d, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
                  • V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb PEST l\u00e0 \u201cLu\u1eadt m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n\u201d, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n

                    Khi b\u1ee9c tranh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, h\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

                    B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n

                    K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i (t\u1eeb PEST\/SWOT) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh (n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9), h\u00e3y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t Nguy c\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, h\u00e3y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n

                    C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \ud83c\udfe2<\/h2>\n

                    \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kinh doanh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n khung c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                    T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng A: Th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi<\/h3>\n

                    N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ra m\u1eaft s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi, Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ecb th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 lu\u1eadt thu\u1ebf, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

                    T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng B: C\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n

                    N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch SWOT ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u00ean trong. Doanh s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec sao? S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng? D\u00f9 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

                    T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng C: \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n

                    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong 20 n\u0103m, Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. Khung th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 m\u00f4 (nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu hay chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch d\u00e2n s\u1ed1) quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \ud83d\udd0d<\/h2>\n

                    Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

                    1. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n

                    Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ng\u00e0nh, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                    2. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n

                    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

                    3. Th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/h3>\n

                    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean, th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

                    4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/h3>\n

                    Xem x\u00e9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1c C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                    Ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng khung c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean MBA c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

                    Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a PEST<\/h3>\n
                      \n
                    • Thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean:<\/strong>PEST li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ra y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea song song v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
                    • T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh:<\/strong>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 SWOT, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
                    • \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/strong>\u1ede c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a cao, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ‘Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb’ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau theo khu v\u1ef1c, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a SWOT<\/h3>\n
                        \n
                      • T\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd coi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu.<\/li>\n
                      • Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 thi:<\/strong>SWOT x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u00eam k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/li>\n
                      • \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c kinh doanh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p xu\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1n khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc th\u00e1i tinh t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n

                        Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa PEST v\u00e0 SWOT kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. PEST cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh; SWOT cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean MBA, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch trong t\u01b0 duy \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u00e1c khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi.<\/p>\n

                        H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Khi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh doanh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

                        Khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1; h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 m\u00f4 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c vi m\u00f4. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

                        Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, x\u00e1c minh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh khi th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean MBA v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ebb, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST so v\u1edbi SWOT: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho sinh vi\u00ean MBA \ud83c\udf93","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"So s\u00e1nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PEST v\u1edbi SWOT d\u00e0nh cho sinh vi\u00ean MBA. 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