{"id":1707,"date":"2026-03-26T10:55:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T10:55:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/managing-erd-changes-version-control-practices\/"},"modified":"2026-03-26T10:55:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T10:55:53","slug":"managing-erd-changes-version-control-practices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/managing-erd-changes-version-control-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ERD: C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh C\u01a1 s\u1edf D\u1eef li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0o. Khi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch nghi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD) th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, theo d\u00f5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hy sinh v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch coi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0o h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

T\u1ea1i sao Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n L\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 C\u01a1 s\u1edf D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i Quan tr\u1ecdng \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua so v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i coi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong manh v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p, xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t script di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1eebng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed thay \u0111\u1ed5i, vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i suy \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng? Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c:<\/strong> M\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
  • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean nhau.<\/li>\n
  • Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

    M\u1ed9t khi m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1edd d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

    2. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ghi (commit) duy nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. N\u1ebfu tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

    3. Khai b\u00e1o so v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

    C\u00f3 hai tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng mong mu\u1ed1n (khai b\u00e1o), trong khi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kia t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 (th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c). C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c script di chuy\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

    Chu k\u1ef3 S\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t Thay \u0111\u1ed5i L\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i ERD bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t.<\/p>\n

    B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi cho m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ERD. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t logic ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

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    • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
    • Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
    • Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
    • Ghi ch\u00e9p l\u00fd do cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u1ea1o k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n

      Sau khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh logic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. R\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. M\u1ed7i k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ghi l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft, tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i logic m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t pipeline t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c sau tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mong \u0111\u1ee3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

      X\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u2694\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. Khi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, xung \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y sinh. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 g\u1ed9p v\u0103n b\u1ea3n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed9p c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed9p hai s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c g\u1ed9p hai t\u1ec7p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1eabn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t logic.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Giao ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 chung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
      • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e1nh:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e1nh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0o nh\u00e1nh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
      • G\u1ed9p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Can thi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
      • Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t:<\/strong>Khi x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t, nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\nChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u0110\u1ed5i t\u00ean c\u1ed9t<\/td>\nHai nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\nTh\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 quay l\u1ea1i t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        X\u00f3a b\u1ea3ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00f3a m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c \u0111ang s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a. Ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c x\u00f3a n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nC\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn.<\/td>\nK\u1ebft h\u1ee3p logic v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Th\u00eam r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/td>\nHai nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t.<\/td>\nG\u1ed9p c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

        T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \ud83e\udd16<\/h2>\n

        Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai. T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        X\u00e1c minh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ERD. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf logic. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

        Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t b\u1ecb x\u00f3a, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y n\u1ebfu v\u1eabn tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i l\u1ecdt qua.<\/p>\n

        Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

        Ch\u1ea1y thao t\u00e1c di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

        T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \ud83d\udcdc<\/h2>\n

        T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua khi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. N\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb1ng sau vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

        M\u1ed7i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • T\u1ea1i sao thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft?<\/li>\n
        • D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng?<\/li>\n
        • C\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u00e0o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
        • Th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 bao l\u00e2u?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 ai \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c truy v\u1ea5n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ebd gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

          Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \ud83d\udeab<\/h2>\n

          Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, sai l\u1ea7m v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

          G\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

          Tr\u00e1nh nh\u00fang c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh di chuy\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1ecb g\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          B\u1ecf qua t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t b\u1ecb x\u00f3a, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 th\u00eam c\u1ed9t m\u1edbi, di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, r\u1ed3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ed9t c\u0169 trong b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

          Thi\u1ebfu k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed7i t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Thi\u1ebfu k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

          Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

          T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

          Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3; l\u1edbp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. B\u1ea3ng sau t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ERD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          V\u00f9ng<\/th>\nTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n<\/td>\nXem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n trong kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/td>\nT\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\nT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00fd do cho m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/td>\nLu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

          B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0o. Khi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh thay…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1708,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u01a1n tru v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00e0y.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[82,85],"class_list":["post-1707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-erd","tag-academic","tag-erd"],"yoast_head":"\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u01a1n tru v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00e0y.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/managing-erd-changes-version-control-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u01a1n tru v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00e0y.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/managing-erd-changes-version-control-practices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Go Diagram Vietnamese - 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