{"id":1762,"date":"2026-03-25T08:19:57","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T08:19:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/cost-reduction-strategies-standardized-architecture\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T08:19:57","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T08:19:57","slug":"cost-reduction-strategies-standardized-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/cost-reduction-strategies-standardized-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn TOGAF: C\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3m Chi ph\u00ed Th\u00f4ng qua Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Charcoal<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, m\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed. Khi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4, s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean then ch\u1ed1t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c khung chu\u1ea9n, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF (Khung Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf), c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f4 la chi cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

\ud83e\udde9 M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh k\u00e9m. Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chung, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ‘C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00f3ng ma’ \u2013 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t trung t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p n\u00e0y t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed \u1ea9n trong c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u00e1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

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  • C\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p:<\/strong>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb.<\/li>\n
  • Chi ph\u00ed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
  • Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f3 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n do chi ph\u00ed cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f TOGAF: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n

    Khung TOGAF cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u00f4ng tin doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t. Trong Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac TOGAF (ADM), vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n A: Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/strong>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kinh doanh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m 15% chi ph\u00ed CNTT, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n B: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Kinh doanh<\/strong>\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00ec mua ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m r\u1ebb h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i, n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n D: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udcb0 C\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n

    Tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a danh m\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

    1. H\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. Quy tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp danh m\u1ee5c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

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    • Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i:<\/strong>Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: CRM, Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh).<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n
    • T\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a:<\/strong>Ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u00e0m ph\u00e1n l\u1ea1i:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n

      Chi ph\u00ed c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean n\u0103m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, chi ph\u00ed bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eddi gian lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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      • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y API l\u00e0m \u01b0u ti\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n cho trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/li>\n
      • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chung:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cho c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cKh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng\u201d, \u201cS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\u201d).<\/li>\n
      • T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng trong lu\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. T\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng<\/h3>\n

        Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111a \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c lai gh\u00e9p sang c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1edd tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y.<\/li>\n
        • Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a container:<\/strong>Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 container \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
        • Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4. T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n

          Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0110i\u1ec3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p theo c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
          • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eddi b\u1ecf:<\/strong>L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba chi ph\u00ed b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \ud83d\udcca B\u1ea3ng Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

            B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn<\/th>\nL\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/th>\nL\u1ee3i \u00edch chi ph\u00ed \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            T\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m 15-30% chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/td>\nNgay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn 6 th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a API<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m 20% th\u1eddi gian t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n6-12 th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y\/m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m 10-25% chi ph\u00ed t\u00ednh to\u00e1n<\/td>\n3-9 th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00e9o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c<\/td>\nNh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 & Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n12-18 th\u00e1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\nB\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/td>\nTi\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i<\/td>\n18 th\u00e1ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \ud83d\udccf \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng ROI ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh (KPI). Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7; c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Chi ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i giao d\u1ecbch:<\/strong>\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng chi ph\u00ed CNTT c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch kinh doanh duy nh\u1ea5t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t v\u00e9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3).<\/li>\n
            • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed do ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
            • Th\u1eddi gian tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>M\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi? Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a n\u00ean l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
            • \u0110i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
            • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p:<\/strong>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 mua \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u26a0\ufe0f R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n

              M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p k\u00ecm h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t kinh doanh. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/li>\n
              • Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kinh doanh:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh doanh chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m t\u1eaft v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n
              • Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, n\u01a1i t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
              • Ma s\u00e1t trong tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 sang c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. C\u1ea7n l\u00ean l\u1ecbch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xem c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

                \ud83d\ude80 B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h2>\n

                Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p cao, giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

                Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/h3>\n

                B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp danh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111au c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
                • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c chi ph\u00ed cao.<\/li>\n
                • So s\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh TOGAF \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h3>\n

                  X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 an ninh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tham chi\u1ebfu n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
                  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 API chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
                  • Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: Tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h3>\n

                    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di d\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
                    • Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
                    • Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 4: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

                      Sau khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng xem x\u00e9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 m\u1ed7i qu\u00fd.<\/li>\n
                      • Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c KPI \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
                      • C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        \ud83d\udd0d N\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n

                        M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 chi ph\u00ed ng\u1ea7m ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i th\u00eam do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ngay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

                        Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u201cc\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i\u201d ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u201cm\u00ec \u0103n li\u1ec1n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. Theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

                        C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt h\u01a1n 20% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu. 80% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi cho b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chung.<\/p>\n

                        \ud83e\udd1d H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 V\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

                        C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 trung t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kinh doanh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
                        • V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
                        • Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c r\u00e0o an to\u00e0n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc l\u1ed3ng. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o logic kinh doanh thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n

                          \ud83c\udf10 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

                          \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c, vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. M\u1ed9t khung ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 khu v\u1ef1c:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
                          • \u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                          • Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 m\u00fai gi\u1edd:<\/strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chi ph\u00ed th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh CNTT t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i do c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

                            \ud83d\udcc8 Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

                            Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c khung c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 TOGAF, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, gi\u00fap g\u1eafn k\u1ebft chi ti\u00eau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

                            L\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n. Khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thay v\u00ec r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu chi ph\u00ed qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n

                            Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ti\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                            C\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, m\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o n\u0103ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1763,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a | TOGAF","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed CNTT b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc TOGAF. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[82,83],"class_list":["post-1762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-togaf","tag-academic","tag-togaf"],"yoast_head":"\nChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a | TOGAF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed CNTT b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc TOGAF. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/cost-reduction-strategies-standardized-architecture\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a | TOGAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed CNTT b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc TOGAF. 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