{"id":1804,"date":"2026-03-23T09:57:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T09:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/defining-clear-architecture-principles-organizational-consistency\/"},"modified":"2026-03-23T09:57:08","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T09:57:08","slug":"defining-clear-architecture-principles-organizational-consistency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/defining-clear-architecture-principles-organizational-consistency\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn TOGAF: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o S\u1ef1 Nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Line<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tr\u1edf n\u00ean then ch\u1ed1t. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 TOGAF (Khung Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf), c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t la b\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF \ud83e\udded<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t hay th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong TOGAF, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p trong Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM), \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 \u201cx\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n\u201d thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed sau:<\/p>\n

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  • R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang n\u00ean bao qu\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
  • Nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn l\u1eabn nhau.<\/li>\n
  • Kh\u1ea3 thi:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3 thi trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
  • \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang n\u00ean duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

    Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \ud83d\udcc8<\/h2>\n

    T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, khi chi ph\u00ed duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n

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    • Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c CNTT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh.<\/li>\n
    • Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n
    • T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong> B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
    • Giao ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng chung gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 phi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Bao qu\u00e1t To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \ud83d\udcc2<\/h2>\n

      C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc bao qu\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. TOGAF khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn theo l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Danh m\u1ee5c<\/th>\nV\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung<\/th>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kinh doanh<\/strong><\/td>\nChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/td>\n\u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 kinh doanh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\nQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/td>\n\u201cD\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chung; ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td>\nPh\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/td>\n\u201c\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/td>\nH\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/td>\n\u201cH\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bao qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

      Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ai s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao, tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng ban, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng? V\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: So\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/h3>\n

      M\u1ed7i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m T\u00ean, C\u00e2u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, L\u00fd do v\u00e0 H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00fd gi\u1ea3it\u1ea1i sao<\/em>quy t\u1eafc t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/em>n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • T\u00ean:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc.<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u:<\/strong> Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cMua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u201d).<\/li>\n
      • L\u00fd do:<\/strong>L\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb1ng sau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
      • H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/h3>\n

        Sau khi so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0o. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/h3>\n

        Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trung t\u00e2m. T\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

        Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c thi \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

        M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

        Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h3>\n

        H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan li\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t:<\/strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/li>\n
        • Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t:<\/strong>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi nhu c\u1ea7u kinh doanh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
        • Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong>Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng qua ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/h3>\n

          Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng m\u00e3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

          Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu r\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh khi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb n\u00ean hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong khi cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

          Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc trong Chu k\u1ef3 ADM \u2699\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

          Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM) l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a TOGAF. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong chu k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n A: T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7t ra ranh gi\u1edbi cho ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n B, C, D: Kinh doanh, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u00f4ng tin, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h3>\n

          Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n E, F: C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

          Khi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ee3 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n G: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h3>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham chi\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n H: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

          Khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n H cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

          B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \ud83d\udcda<\/h2>\n

          C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1eebng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y n\u0103m n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi h\u00f4m nay do vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 an ninh.<\/p>\n

          Chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00e3 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u00e3 ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00ean l\u00ean l\u1ecbch ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

          Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \ud83d\udeab<\/h2>\n

          Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i do nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khung hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc:<\/strong>Danh s\u00e1ch n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
          • Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh. Tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef qu\u00e1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
          • Thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
          • T\u01b0 duy b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7:<\/strong>Xem c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn linh ho\u1ea1t. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo.<\/li>\n
          • T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

            L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

            H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb.<\/li>\n
            • Gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
            • T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 giao h\u00e0ng nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
            • N\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt danh s\u00e1ch n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
            • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh doanh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac mang l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

              C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

              Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i sao<\/em>n\u1eb1m sau c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 l\u00fd do. Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

              K\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc. Vi\u1ec7c vinh danh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c chi ph\u00ed s\u1ebd c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c noi theo.<\/p>\n

              Th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

              B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

              V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau: \u201cT\u1eadp trung d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u201d Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh: \u201cPh\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung.\u201d Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd) v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

              C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Agile v\u00e0 DevOps c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 giao h\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

              K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n

              X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p khung n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

              H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u00edch nghi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho kinh doanh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kinh doanh ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

              B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng. Tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. So\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00fang theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1805,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n (H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn TOGAF)","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng TOGAF. M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[82,83],"class_list":["post-1804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-togaf","tag-academic","tag-togaf"],"yoast_head":"\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n (H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn TOGAF)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng TOGAF. 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