{"id":1832,"date":"2026-04-14T16:24:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T16:24:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/refactoring-legacy-code-uml-package-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-04-14T16:24:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T16:24:48","slug":"refactoring-legacy-code-uml-package-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-diagram.com\/vi\/refactoring-legacy-code-uml-package-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, r\u1ed1i ren theo th\u1eddi gian. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i logic hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c module d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

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\"Cartoon<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Khi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eddi \u0111i ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111en. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n e ng\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh, khi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft cao:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t module th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c module kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
  • T\u00ednh g\u1eafn k\u1ebft th\u1ea5p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u1eb1m c\u00f9ng nhau.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u1ea9n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i.<\/li>\n
  • Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng m\u00e3.<\/p>\n

    Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \ud83d\udce6<\/h2>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00f3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c module, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1eebng l\u1edbp ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • G\u00f3i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c container \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong>C\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
    • Giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
    • Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u:<\/strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed3ng nhau s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \ud83d\udcb0<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh quy m\u00f4 trung b\u00ecnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch, t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong su\u1ed1t m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m. C\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n 50.000 d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ec7p. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb g\u00e1n ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

      V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Module b\u00e1o c\u00e1o truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb module giao d\u1ecbch.<\/li>\n
      • Logic x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1ecb l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3i tin kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n
      • Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa logic kinh doanh v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c module. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

        Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

        H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. V\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Quy tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh.<\/p>\n

        1. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1edbp, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

        Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n nh\u00e1p ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i. B\u1ea3n nh\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd thay v\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac logic. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean ch\u00fang l\u00e0m g\u00ec. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

        2. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/h3>\n

        Sau khi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u00f3i. M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu g\u00f3i A g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c trong g\u00f3i B.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\nChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t g\u00f3i nh\u1eadp l\u1edbp t\u1eeb g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c.<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e8n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/td>\nG\u00f3i A ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o B, v\u00e0 B ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o A.<\/td>\nTr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i chung.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        L\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p s\u00e2u<\/td>\nNhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp g\u00f3i g\u1ecdi nhau.<\/td>\nPh\u1eb3ng h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u1ea8n<\/td>\nC\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u0129nh.<\/td>\nBao b\u1ecdc tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n tham s\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u00ec ch\u00fang ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

        3. Nh\u00f3m logic v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n

        V\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c trong tay, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac logic. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh doanh thay v\u00ec tri\u1ec3n khai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c g\u00f3i logic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch chung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/li>\n
        • T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n:<\/strong> Logic chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
        • Giao d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> Logic \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n
        • B\u00e1o c\u00e1o:<\/strong> Logic \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft.<\/li>\n
        • H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng:<\/strong> Truy c\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c g\u00f3i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, g\u00f3i B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o g\u00f3i Giao d\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng chu tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

          4. Tri\u1ec3n khai vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u1ecf module<\/h3>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1eebng g\u00f3i m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp:<\/strong> Di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c g\u00f3i logic m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n
          • C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh nh\u1eadp:<\/strong> Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c tham chi\u1ebfu t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
          • Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng cho giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u00f3i.<\/li>\n
          • Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao:<\/strong> T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p logic b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0o g\u00f3i H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            M\u1ed7i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao ph\u1ee7 module \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

            5. X\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n

            Sau khi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 x\u00e1c minh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML. H\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m tra xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u1ea1y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n

            X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u0129nh:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
            • Xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
            • Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              M\u1ed9t khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

              Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chi ph\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed7i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

              C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u00ednh n\u0103ng:<\/strong>\u1ea8n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c c\u1edd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
              • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh C\u00e2y b\u1ed3 h\u00f2n:<\/strong>Thay th\u1ebf d\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
              • T\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c:<\/strong>Ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1edbm.<\/li>\n
              • C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>Gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt khi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra hay t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1nh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf tri th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 1: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

                C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. D\u00f9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 2: B\u1ecf qua ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/h3>\n

                M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ee7i ro cao. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy v\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 100% cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p, h\u00e3y vi\u1ebft ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e3.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 3: \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/h3>\n

                Khi di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u00f3i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u0169. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

                Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean t\u1eeb s\u1edbm. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u00ean g\u00f3i n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m mi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

                L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/th>\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/th>\nSau khi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/td>\nCao (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 15+)<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: < 10)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \u0110\u1ed9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft module<\/td>\nCao (Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u00e9o)<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p (C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac theo l\u1edbp)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 40%)<\/td>\nCao (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 85%+)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                Th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/td>\nCh\u1eadm (x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9)<\/td>\nNhanh h\u01a1n (x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y theo th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

                T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

                V\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mang l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e0nh \u00edt th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng. T\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

                L\u1ee3i \u00edch bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhanh h\u01a1n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
                • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i gi\u1ea3m:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n
                • T\u1ef1 tin:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

                  K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Duy tr\u00ec Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \ud83d\udd12<\/h2>\n

                  Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

                  C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac sau l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                  Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c quan. V\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong tay, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 \u0111i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, r\u1ed1i ren theo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1833,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \ud83d\udce6","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML. Gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[82,93],"class_list":["post-1832","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-package-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML \ud83d\udce6<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i UML. 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